The fourth impact orientation is the roof vault which begins initially like a wrap trajectory but in this case the pedestrian s legs do not stay ahead of the vehicle.
Roof vault pedestrian impact.
An injury risk index is defined.
The vault maneuver is completed when the.
Chest and abdomen were the most severe in the fender vault group and head and neck injuries were the most severe in the roof vault group.
Wrap trajectory forward projection fender vault roof vault or somersault.
Due to the impact forces the legs continue to rotate upward with the pedestrian essentially standing on his head on or near the roof line.
The wrap trajectory and forward projection are the most common impact scenarios and are the only ones investigated in this study.
Five basic kinematic trajectories have been identified for frontal collision cases and are described as.
And the associated injury risks are compared.
Pedestrian injury patterns are analyzed for each of the trajectory types.
In particular the injury severity score was highest in the roof vault group.
1981 classified pedestrian post impact kinematics as one of the following conditions.